Gabala - A titular see of Syria Prima Gabbatha - The Aramaic appellation of a place in Jerusalem, designated also under the Greek name of Lithostrotos Gaboon - Formerly called the Vicariate Apostolic of the Two Guineas Gabriel the Archangel, Saint - One of the three archangels mentioned in the Bible Gabriel, Brothers of Saint - Originally founded by St. Louis Grignon de Montfort in 1705, but it did not spread much till it was amalgamated with one founded in 1835 by Monsignor Deshayes. Vicar-General of Rennes Gabriel Possenti, Blessed - Passionist student, d. 1862 Gabriel Sionita - A learned Maronite, famous for his share in the publication of the Parisian polyglot of the Bible; b. 1577, at Edden on the Lebanon; d. 1648 Gad - A proper name which designates in the Bible, (I), a patriarch; (II), a tribe of Israel; (III), a prophet; (IV), a pagan deity Gadara - A titular see of Palaestina Prima; there were two sees of this name, one in Palaestina Prima, the other in Palaestina Secunda Gaddi, Agnolo, Giovanni, and Taddeo - Florentine artists, Taddeo being the father of Agnolo and Giovanni Gaeta - Archdiocese in the province of Caserta in Campania (Southern Italy) Gaetano, Saint - Also known as St. Gaetano. Biography of the founder of the Theatines Gagarin, Ivan Sergejewitch - Of the Russian family which traces its origin to the ancient rulers of Starodub; born at Moscow, 1 August, 1814; died at Paris, 19 July, 1882 Gagliardi, Achille - Ascetic writer and spiritual director; born at Padua, Italy, in 1537; died at Modena, 6 July, 1607 Gahan, William - A priest and author; born 5 June, 1732, in the parish of St. Nicholas, Dublin; died there, 6 December, 1804 Gaillard, Claude Ferdinand - French engraver and painter; b. at Paris, 7 Jan., 1834; d. there, 27 Jan., 1887 Gal, Saint - The sixteenth and twenty-third bishops of Clermont-Ferrand (Auvergne) were both named Gal, and both are saints. The first St. Gal was bishop from 527 to 551, and the second, from 640-650 Galantini, Ippolito, Blessed - Founder of the Christian Congregation of Florence, d. 1619 Galatians, Epistle to the - Background on Galatia, purpose and date, a summary of its contents, its importance and a discussion of some difficulties Galatino, Pietro Colonna - Friar Minor, philosopher, theologian, Orientalist; b. at Galatia (now Cajazzo) in Apulia; d. at Rome, soon after 1539 Galerius, Valerius Maximianus - Galerius, a native of Illyria, was made Caesar 1 March, 293, by Diocletian, whose daughter Valeria he married and who in turn adopted her husband Galien, Joseph - Dominican, professor of philosophy and theology at the University of Avignon, meteorologist, physicist, and writer on aeronautics; b. 1699 Galilee - The native land of Jesus Christ, where He began His ministry and performed many of His works, and whence He drew His Apostles Galilei, Alessandro - An eminent Florentine architect; born 1691; died 1737 Galilei, Galileo - Although in the popular mind Galileo is remembered chiefly as an astronomer, it was not in this character that he made really substantial contributions to human knowledge, but rather in the field of mechanics, and especially of dynamics, which science may be said to owe its existence to him Galitzin, Elizabeth - Princess, religious of the Sacred Heart; born at St. Petersburg, 22 February, 1797; died in Louisiana, 8 December, 1843 Gall, Saint - Late sixth- to early seventh-century Irish hermit Gall, Abbey of Saint - In Switzerland, Canton St. Gall, 30 miles southeast of Constance; for many centuries one of the chief Benedictine abbeys in Europe; founded about 613, and named after Gallus, an Irishman, the disciple and companion of St. Columbanus in his exile from Luxeuil Galla, Saint - A Roman widow of the sixth century; feast, 5 October Galla - Vicariate Apostolic embracing the territory of the Galla or Oromo tribes in Abyssinia Gallait, Louis - Flemish painter; born at Tournai, 10 May, 1810; died in Brussels, 20 November, 1887 Galland, Antoine - French Orientalist and numismatist, b. at Rollot, near Montdidier, in Picardy, 1646, d. at Paris, 1715 Gallandi, Andrea - Oratorian and patristic scholar, born at Venice, 7 December, 1709; died there 12 January, 1779, or 1780 Galle - Diocese in Ceylon, created by Leo XIII 25 Aug., 1893 Gallego, Juan Nicasio - Priest and poet; born at Zamora, Spain, 14 December, 1777; died at Madrid, 9 January, 1853 Galletti, Pietro Luigi - Benedictine, historian and archaeologist; b. at Rome in 1724; d. there, 13 December, 1790 Gallia Christiana - A documentary catalogue or list, with brief historical notices, of all the dioceses and abbeys of France from the earliest times, also of their occupants Gallicanism - This term is used to designate a certain group of religious opinions for some time peculiar to the Church of France, or Gallican Church, and the theological schools of that country Gallican Rite, The - The rite which prevailed in Gaul until about the middle or end of the eighth century Gallicanus, Saints - Three saints by this name commemorated on 25 June Gallienus, Publius Licinius Egnatius - Roman emperor; b. about 218; d. at Milan, 4 March, 268 Gallifet, Joseph de - French Jesuit (1663-1749) Gallipoli - Diocese in the province of Lecce (Southern Italy) Gallitzin, Adele Amalie - Princess; b. at Berlin, 28 Aug., 1748; d. at Angelmodde, near Muenster, Westphalia, 17 April, 1806 Gallitzin, Demetrius Augustine - Prince, priest, and missionary (1770-1840) Galloway, Diocese of - Situated in the southwest of Scotland Galluppi, Pasquale - Philosopher, b. at Tropea, in Calabria, 2 April, 1770; d. at Naples, 13 Dec., 1846, where from 1831 he was a professor in the university Galura, Bernhard - Prince-Bishop of Brixen; b. 21 August, 1764, at Herbolzheim, Bresigau; d. 17 May, 1856 Gallwey, Peter - Famous London priest (1820-1906) Galtelli-Nuoro - Diocese in the province of Sassari (Sardinia), suffragan of Caglari Galvani, Luigi - Physician, b. at Bologna, Italy, 9 September, 1737; d. there, 4 December, 1798 Galveston - The Diocese of Galveston was established in 1847 and comprises that part of the State of Texas, U.S.A., between the Sabine River on the east, the Colorado River on the west, the Gulf of Mexico on the south, and the northern line of the counties of Lampasas, Coryell, McLennan, Limestone, Freestone, Anderson, Cherokee, Nacogdoches, and Shelby on the north Galway and Kilmacduagh - Diocese in Ireland; an amalgamation of two distinct ancient sees Gama, Vasco da - The discover of the sea route to East Indies; born at Sines, Province of Alemtejo, Portugal, about 1469; died at Cochin, India, 24 December, 1524 Gamaliel - Famous Pharisee and Rabbi Gamans, Jean - Priest and missionary (1606-1684) Gambling - The staking of money or other thing of value on the issue of a game of chance Gams, Pius Bonifacius - Ecclesiastical historian (1816-1892) Gandolphy, Peter - Jesuit preacher; b. in London, 26 July, 1779; d. at East Sheen, Surrey, 9 July, 1821 Gangra - A titular see in the province of Paphlagonia Gansfort, John Wessel - A fifteenth-century Dutch theologian, born at Groeningen in 1420; died there on 4 Oct., 1489 Gap - Diocese; suffragan of Aix, includes the department of the Hautes-Alpes García, Anne - Better known as Anne of St. Bartholomew. Biography of one of the first Discalced Carmelites. She died in 1626 Garcia, Saint Gonsalo - Biography of the Franciscan martyr born in Vasai García Moreno, Gabriel - Ecuadorean patriot and statesman; b. at Guayaquil, 24 December, 1821; assassinated at Quito, 6 August, 1875 Garcilasso de la Vega - Spanish poet (1503-1536) Garcilasso de la Vega - Historian of Peru (1539-1617) Gardellini, Aloisio - Born at Rome, 4 Aug., 1759; died there, 8 Oct., 1829, famous chiefly for his collection of the decrees of the Congregation of Rites Garesché, Julius Peter - Soldier; born 26 April, 1821, near Havana, Cuba; killed at the battle of Stone River, Tennessee, U.S.A., 31 December, 1862 Garet, Jean - Benedictine of the Congregation of Saint-Maur, born at Havre about 1627; died at Jumieges, 24 September, 1694 Gargara - A titular see in the province of Asia, suffragan of Ephesus Garin, André - An Oblate missionary and parish priest (1822-1895) Garland - A wreath of flowers or evergreens formerly used in connection with baptismal, nuptial, and funeral rites, as well as in solemn processions Garland, John - English poet and grammarian, who lived in the middle of the thirteenth century Garlick, Venerable Nicholas - Short biography of the English priest and martyr. Also some information on fellow martyr Robert Ludlam. They died in 1588 Garneau, François-Xavier - French Canadian historian (1809-1866) Garnet, Henry - English martyr, b. 1553-4; d. 1606 Garnet, Saint Thomas - Biography of the English priest and martyr, who died in 1608 Garnier, Charles - Short biography of the Jesuit missionary and martyr Garnier, Jean - Church historian, patristic scholar, and moral theologian; b. at Paris, 11 Nov., 1612; d. at Bologna, 26 Nov., 1681 Garnier, Julien - Jesuit missionary, born at Connerai, France, 6 January, 1642; d. in Quebec, 1730 Garrucci, Raffaele - A historian of Christian art, b. at Naples, 22 January, 1812; d. at Rome, 5 May, 1885 Garzon - Suffragan diocese of Popayan in the Republic of Colombia Gaspare del Bufalo, Blessed - Founder of the Missionaries of the Most Precious Blood, died 1837 Gaspe, Philippe-Aubert de - French Canadian writer, b. at Quebec, 30 Oct., 1786, of a family ennobled by Louis XIV in 1693, d. 29 Jan., 1871 Gassendi, Pierre - French philosopher and scientist. Article by J.G. Hagen covers Gassendi's life and work in some detail Gasser von Valhorn, Joseph - Austrian sculptor, b. 22 Nov., 1816 at Praegraten, Tyrol; d. 28 Oct., 1900 Gassner, Johann Joseph - A celebrated exorcist; b. 22 Aug., 1727, at Braz, Vorarlberg, Austria; d. 4 April, 1779 Gaston, William - Jurist: b. at Newbern, North Carolina, U.S.A., 19 Sept., 1778: d. at Raleigh, North Carolina, 28 January 1844 Gatianus, Saint - First bishop of Tours, d. 301 Gau, Franz Christian - Architect and archaeologist, b. at Cologne, 15 June, 1790; d. at Paris, January, 1854 Gaubil, Antoine - French Jesuit and missionary to China, b. at Gaillac (Aveyron), 14 July, 1689; d. at Peking, 24 July, 1759 Gaudentius, Saint - Successor of St. Philastrius as bishop of Brescia. Gaudentius died c. 410 Gaudentius of Brescia - A theologian of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchins; b. at Brescia in 1612; d. at Oriano, 25 March, 1672 Gaudete Sunday - The third Sunday of Advent, so called from the first word of the Introit at Mass (Gaudete, i.e. Rejoice) Gaudier, Antoine de - A writer on asectic theology; b. at Chateau-Thierry, France, 7 January, 1572; d. at Paris, 14 April, 1622 Gaudiosus - Bishop of Tarazona (Turiasso), Spain; died about 540 Gaul, Christian - The Church of Gaul first appeared in history in connexion with the persecution at Lyons under Marcus Aurelius (177) Gaultier, Aloisius-Edouard-Camille - Priest and schoolmaster; b. at Asti, Piedmont, about 1745; d. at Paris, 18 Sept., 1818 Gaume, Jean-Joseph - French theologian and author, b. at Fuans (Franche-Comte) in 1802; d. in 1879 Gavantus, Bartolommeo - Liturgist, a member of the Barnabite Order; b. at Monza, 1569; d. at Milan, 14 August, 1638 Gaza - A titular see of Palaestina Prima, in the Patriarchate of Jerusalem Gazzaniga, Pietro Maria - A theologian, b. at Bergamo, Italy, 3 March, 1722; d. at Vicenza, 11 Dec., 1799 Gebhard (III) of Constance - Bishop of that city and strenuous defender of papal rights against imperial encroachments during the Investitures conflict; b. about 1040; d. 12 November, 1110 Gebhart, Emile - French professor and writer, b. 19 July, 1839, at Nancy; d. 22 April, 1908 Gedeon - One of the Greater Judges of Israel. He belonged to the tribe of Manasses, and to the family of Abiezer Gédoyn, Nicolas - A French translator and literary critic; b. at Orleans, 17 June, 1667; d. 10 August, 1744 Gegenbauer, Josef Anton - An accomplished German historical and portrait painter, b. 6 March, 1800, at Wangen, Wuertemberg; d. 31 January, 1876, at Rome Geiler von Kayserberg, Johann - A celebrated German pulpit orator, b. at Schaffhausen, Switzerland, 16 March, 1445; d. at Strasburg, 10 March, 1510 Geissel, Johannes von - Cardinal, Archbishop of Cologne, b. 5 February, 1796, at Gimmeldingen, in the Palatinate; d. 8 September, 1864, at Cologne Gelasius I, Pope Saint - An assessment of his pontificate. He died in 496 Gelasius II, Pope - Reigned 1118-1119 Gelasius of Cyzicus - Ecclesiastical writer, son of a priest of Cyzicus, and wrote in Bithynia, about 475, to prove against the Eutychians, that the Nicene Fathers did not teach Monophysitism Gemblours - A suppressed Benedictine monastery on the river Orneau in Belgium, founded c. 945 by St. Guibert (Wibert) and dedicated to St. Peter the Apostle and the holy martyr Exuperius Genealogy (in the Bible) - The word genealogy occurs only twice in the New Testament. In these passages commentators explain the word as referring to the Gentile theogonies, or to the Essene generation of angels, or to the emanation of spirits and aeons as conceived by the Gnostics, or to the genealogies of Jesus Christ, or finally to the genealogies of the Old Testament construed into a source of an occult doctrine Genealogy of Christ - Offers the genealogy according to Saint Matthew and Saint Luke General Judgment - To it the prophets of the Old Testament refer when they speak of the 'Day of the Lord' (Joel 3:4; Ezekiel 13:5; Isaiah 2:12), in which the nations will be summoned to judgment. In the New Testament the second Parusia, or coming of Christ as Judge of the world, is an oft-repeated doctrine Génebrard, Gilbert - Benedictine exegete and Orientalist, b. 12 December, 1535, at Riom, in the department of Puy-de-Dome; d. 16 Feb., 1597 General Chapter - The daily assembling of a community for purposes of discipline and administration of monastic affairs has always included the reading of a chapter of the rule, and thus the assembly itself came to be called the chapter and the place of meeting the chapter-house Generation - Definitions include: a definite period of time, with a special reference to the average length of man's life; an indefinite period of time, of time past; the men who lived in the same period of time who were contemporaries; a race or class of men; and a dwelling place or habitation Genesareth - This is the name given to the Lake of Tiberias in Luke 5:1 Genesius - Five people with this name including: Genesius of Rome; Genesius of Arles; Genesius, Bishop of Clermont; Genesius Count of Clermont; and Genesius of Lyons Genevieve, Saint - Patroness of Paris, d. 512 Genezareth, Land of - By this name is designated in Mark, vi, 53, a district of Palestine bordering on the Sea of Galilee, and which in the parallel passage of Matthew (xiv, 34) is called 'the country of Genesar' Genga, Girolamo - A painter, born at Urbino in 1476; died at the same place, 1551 Génicot, Edward - Moral theologian, b. at Antwerp, Belgium, 18 June, 1856; d. at Louvain, 21 February, 1900 Gennadius I, Saint - Patriarch of Constantinople, d. 471 Gennadius II - His original name was George Scholarius. Born about 1400, was first a teacher of philosophy and then judge in the civil courts under the Emperor John VIII Gennadius of Marseilles - A priest whose chief title to fame is his continuation of St. Jerome's catalogue 'De Viris illustribus' Gennings, Edmund and John - The first, a martyr for the Catholic Faith, and the second, the restorer of the English province of Franciscan friars, were brothers and converts to the Church Genoa - Archdiocese in Liguria, Northern Italy Gentile da Fabriano - Italian painter; b. probably about 1378 in the District of the Marches; d. probably 1427 Gentiles - In the English versions of both Testaments it collectively designates the nations distinct from the Jewish people Gentili, Aloysius - Proficient in poetry, displayed considerable musical aptitude, had a taste for mechanical and electrical science and was devoted to the cultivation of modern languages, applying himself more particularly to the study of English (1801-1848) Genuflexion - To genuflect, to bend the knee Geoffrey of Clairvaux - A disciple of Bernard, was b. between the years 1115 and 1120, at Auxerre; d. some time after the year 1188 Geoffrey of Dunstable - Abbot of St. Alban's, d. at St. Alban's, 26 Feb., 1146 Geoffrey of Monmouth - Abbot of St. Alban's, d. at St. Alban's, 26 Feb., 1146 Geoffrey of Vendôme - A cardinal, b. in the second half of the eleventh century of a noble family, at Angers, France; d. there, 26 March, 1132 Geography, Biblical - With the exception of the didactic literature, there is no book in the Bible which, to a greater or less extent, does not contain mention of, or allusions to, the geography and topography of the Holy Land Geography and the Church - Explains the nature of this science and the course of its evolution George, Saint - Long, scholarly article on St. George, martyr, patron saint of England George, Orders of Saint - Knights of St. George appear at different historical periods and in different countries as mutually independent bodies having nothing in common but the veneration of St. George, the patron of knighthood George Hamartolus - A monk at Constantinople under Michael III (842-867) and the author of a chronicle of some importance George of Trebizond - A Greek scholar of the early Italian Renaissance; b. in Crete (a Venetian possession from 1206-1669), 1395; d. in Rome, 1486 George Pisides - A Byzantine poet who lived in the first half of the seventh century George the Bearded - Duke of Saxony, b. at Dresden, 27 August, 1471; d. in the same city, 17 April, 1539 Georgetown University - Founded immediately after the Revolutionary War, by the incorporated Catholic Clergy of Maryland, who selected from their Body Trustees, and invested them with full power to choose a President and appoint Professors. Since the year 1805, it has been under the direction of Society of Jesus' Georgia - The largest of the original thirteen United States; bounded on the north by Tennessee and North Carolina, on the east by the Savannah River and the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by Florida, and on the west by Florida and Alabama Georgius Syncellus - The author of one of the more important medieval Byzantine chronicles, died after 810 Gerace - Diocese in the province of Reggio in Calabria (Southern Italy) Gerald, Saint - English monk, Bishop of Mayo, d. 731. Brief biography Geraldton - Diocese in Australia, established in 1898, suffragan of Adelaide Géramb, Baron Ferdinand de - In religion, Brother Mary Joseph; Abbot and procurator-general of La Trappe, came of a noble and ancient family in Hungary; b. in Lyons, 14 Jan., 1772; d. at Rome, 15 March, 1848 Gérando, Joseph-Marie de - French statesman and writer, born at Lyons, 29 February, 1772; died at Paris, 10 November, 1842 Gérard, Abbot of Brogne, Saint - Soldier turned monk, d. 959 Gerard, Bishop of Toul, Saint - Biography of this tenth-century bishop Gerard, Archbishop of York - Date of birth unknown; died at Southwell, 21 May, 1108 Gerard, John - Jesuit; born 4 October, 1564; died 27 July, 1637 Gerard, Ven. Miles - Priest martyred in 1590 Gerard, Richard - Confessor; born about 1635; died 11 March, 1680 Gerard Majella, Saint - Tailor, Redemptorist, called 'Father of the Poor,' d. 1755 Gerard of Cremona - A twelfth-century student of Arabic science and translator from Arabic into Latin; born at Cremona, in 1114; died in 1187 Gerardus Odonis - Also Geraldus Othonis, or Ottonis, a medieval theologian and Minister General of the Franciscan Order; born probably at Chateauroux, in the present department of Indre, France, date unknown; died at Catania, Sicily, 1348 Gerasa - A titular see in the province of Arabia and the Patriarchate of Antioch Gerberon, Gabriel - A Benedictine of the Maurist Congregation (1628-1711) Gerbet, Olympe-Phillipe - A French bishop and writer; b. at Poligny (Jura), 1798; d. at Perpignan (Pyrenees Orientales), 1864 Gerbillon, Jean-François - French missionary; born at Verdun, 4 June, 1654; died at Peking, China, 27 March, 1707 Gerdil, Hyacinthe Sigismond - Cardinal and theologian; b. at Samoëns in Savoy, 20 June, 1718; d. at Rome, 12 August 1802 Gerhard of Zütphen - Born at Zuetphen, 1367; died at Windesheim, 1398; a mystical writer and one of the first of the Brothers of the Common Life, founded by Gerhard Groote and Florentius Radewyn at Deventer, in the Netherlands Gerhoh of Reichersberg - Provost of that place and Austin canon, one of the most distinguished theologians of Germany in the twelfth century, b. at Polling, Bavaria, 1093; d. at Reichersberg, 27 June, 1169 Germain, Saint, Bishop of Auxerre - A married lawyer, rather worldly, became Bishop of Auxerre, d. 448 or 450. Biography Germain, Saint, Bishop of Paris - Monk, Bishop of Paris, d. 576 Germaine Cousin, Saint - Sickly, pious shepherdess, cruelly treated by her stepmother. St. Germaine died in 1601, at the age of 22 German Gardiner, Blessed - Layman, the last martyr under Henry VIII. Executed at Tyburn on 7 March, 1544, for refusing to grant that the King was the head of the English and Irish Church Germanicia - A titular see in the province of Euphratensis and the patriarchate of Antioch; incorrectly called Germaniciana and located in Byzacene, Africa Germanicopolis - A titular see in the province of Isauria, suffragan of Seleucia Germans in the United States - Includes all German-speaking people, whether originally from Germany proper, Austria, Switzerland, or Luxemburg Germanus I, Saint - Patriarch of Constantinople, defender of the veneration of ikons, d. 733 or 740 Germany - History divided by time periods, beginning with before 1556 German Literature - History starting with the pre-Christian period to 800 A.D Germany, Vicariate Apostolic of Northern - Its jurisdiction covers the Grand Duchies of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Meeklenburg-Strelitz, the Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe, the free Hanse towns, Hamburg, Luebeck, and Bremen, the Principality of Luebeck (capital Eutin), belonging to the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, and the Island of Helgoland Germia - A titular see of Galatia Secunda, a suffragan of Pessinus; mentioned by Hierocles in the sixth century Gerona - The Diocese of Geronia in Catalonia, Spain, suffragan of Tarragona, is bounded on the north by the Pyrenees, on the south and east by the Mediterranean, and on the west by the dioceses of Barcelona and Vich Gerrha - A titular see in the province of Augustamnica Prima, suffragan of Pelusium in the Patriarchate of Alexandria Gerson, Jean de Charlier de - Biographical article. Examines his view of conciliarism, and considers his mystical theology Gertrude of Aldenberg, Blessed - Longtime abbess of a Premonstratensian convent near Wetzlar. She died in 1297 Gertrude of Hackeborn - Cistercian Abbess of Helfta, near Eisleben; born near Halberstadt in 1232; died towards the end of 1292 Gertrude of Nivelles, Saint - Benedictine abbess of a double monastery, d. 659 Gertrude the Great, Saint - Benedictine, mystic, author, d. 1301 or 1302 Gertrude van der Oosten, Venerable - Beguine, had the stigmata and the gift of prophecy, died on Epiphany, 1358 Gervaise, Dom François Armand - Discalced Carmelite, b. at Paris, 1660; d. at Reclus, France, 1761 Gervase, George - Account of the dramatic life of this Benedictine priest and martyr, who died in 1608 Gervase of Canterbury - English chronicler, b. about 1141; d. in, or soon after, 1210 Gervase of Tilbury - Medieval writer, b. probably at Tilbury, in the County of Essex, England, about 1150; d. at Arlington, about 1220 Gervasius and Protasius, Saints - Martyred in Milan, probably in the second century Géry, Saint - Bishop of Cambrai-Arras, d. between 623 and 626 Gesellenvereine - German Catholic societies for the religious, moral, and professional improvement of young men Gesta Dei per Francos - Title adopted by Guibert de Nogent (died about 1124) for his history of the First Crusade Gesta Romanorum - A medieval collection of anecdotes, to which moral reflections are attached Gethsemane - The place in which Jesus Christ suffered the Agony and was taken prisoner by the Jews Gethsemane, Abbey of Our Lady of - An abbey of the Order of Reformed Cistercians, commonly called Trappists, established in 1848 in Nelson Co., Kentucky, in the Diocese of Louisville, being the first abbey on American soil Gezireh - Seat of two Catholic residential sees, one Chaldean, the other Syrian Gfrörer, August Friedrich - German historian; b. at Calw, Wuertemberg, 5 March, 1803; d. at Karlsbad, 6 July, 1861 Ghardaia - Prefecture Apostolic in the French Sahara, separated in 1901 from the Vicariate Apostolic of Sahara and the Soudan Ghent - Comprises the whole territory of East Flanders, one of the nine provinces of Belgium Ghibellines and Guelphs - Names adopted by the two factions that kept Italy divided and devastated by civil war during the greater part of the later Middle Ages Ghiberti, Lorenzo di Cione - Sculptor; b. at Florence about 1381; d. there, December, 1455 Ghirlandajo - Florentine painter; b. 1449; d. 11 Jan., 1494 Ghislain, Saint - Hermit in Belgium, confessor, died c. 680 Ghost Dance - The principal ceremonial rite of an Indian religion which originated about 1887 with Wovoka, alias jack Wilson, an Indian of the Piute tribe in Nevada Giannone, Pietro - Italian historian, born 7 May, 1676, at Ischitella in the province of Capinata, Naples; died at Turin, 27 March, 1748 Gibail and Batrun - A Maronite residential see Gibault, Pierre - Missionary, b. at Montreal, Canada, 1737; d. at New Madrid, about 1804 Gibbons, John - Jesuit theologian and controversialist; b. 1544, at or near Wells, Somersetshire; died 16 Aug. or 3 Dec., 1589 Gibbons, Richard - Brother of Father John Gibbons, born at Winchester, 1550 or 1549; died at Douai, 23 June, 1632 Giberti, Jean-Pierre - Canonist; b. at Aix, Provence, in 1660; d. at Paris in 1736 Giberti, Gian Matteo - Cardinal, and Bishop of Verona, the natural son of Francesco Giberti, a Genoese naval captain, b. at Palermo in 1495; d. at Verona, 30 Dec., 1543 Gibraltar - A rugged promontory in the province of Andalusia, Spain, about 6 miles in circumference. Its almost perpendicular walls rise to a height of 1396 feet Gideon - One of the Greater Judges of Israel. He belonged to the tribe of Manasses, and to the family of Abiezer Giffard, Bonaventure - Bishop, born at Wolverhampton, England, 1642; died at Hammersmith, Middlesex, 12 March, 1734 Giffard, Godfrey - Bishop of Worcester, b. about 1235; d. 26 Jan., 1301 Giffard, William - Second Norman Bishop of Winchester from 1100 to 1129 Gifford, William - Archbishop of Reims; b. in Hampshire, 1554; d. at Reims, 11 April, 1629 Gift of Miracles - The gift of miracles is one of those mentioned by St. Paul in his First Epistle to the Corinthians (xii, 9, 10), among the extraordinary graces of the Holy Ghost Gift, Supernatural - Something conferred on nature that is above all the powers (vires) of created nature Gilbert, Nicolas-Joseph-Laurent - Poet, b. at Fontenoy-le-Chateau, 1751; d. at Paris, 12 November, 1780 Gilbert, Sir John Thomas - Irish archivist and historian, b. in Dublin, 23 January, 1829; d. there, 23 May, 1898 Gilbert de la Porrée - Bishop of Poitiers, philosopher, theologian and general scholar; b. at Poitiers in 1076; d. in 1154 Gilbert Foliot - Bishop of London, b. early in the twelfth century Gilbertines, Order of - Founded by St. Gilbert, about the year 1130, at Sempringham, Gilbert's native place, where he was then parish priest Gilbert Islands - Vicariate apostolic; comprises the group of that name, besides the islands of Ellice and Panapa Gilbert of Sempringham, Saint - Short biography of the founder of the Gilbertines, who died in 1189 Gildas, Saint - Biographical entry for St. Gildas the Wise, also called 'Badonicus,' born to a British family in Scotland, educated in Wales, monk, priest, died in 570 Gil de Albornoz, Alvarez Carillo - A renowned cardinal, general, and statesman; b. about 1310 at Cuenca in New Castile; d. 23 Aug., 1367 Giles, Saint - Also known as Aegidius. Hermit and then abbot in late seventh-century Gaul Gillespie, Eliza Maria - In religion Mother Mary of St. Angela. Born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, 21 February, 1824; died at St. Mary's convent, Notre Dame, Indiana, 4 March, 1887 Gillespie, Neal Henry - Brother of the foregoing; b. in Washington county, Pa., 19 January 1831; d. at St. Mary's, Notre Dame, Indiana, 12 November, 1874 Gillis, James - Scottish bishop; b. at Montreal, Canada, 7 April, 1802; d. at Edinburgh, 24 February 1864 Gilmore, Patrick Sarsfield - A musician, born at Ballygar Galway, Ireland, 25 Dec., 1829; died at St. Louis, 24 Sept., 1892 Gil of Santarem, Blessed - Portuguese Dominican, d. 1265 Gindarus - A titular see of Syria Prima, in the Patriarchate of Antioch Ginoulhiac, Jacques-Marie-Achille - A French bishop; b. at Montpellier (department of Herault) 3 Dec., 1806; d. there 17 Nov., 1875 Gioberti, Vincenzo - An Italian statesman and philosopher; b. at Turin, 5 April, 1801; d. at Paris, 26 October, 1852 Giocondo, Fra Giovanni - An Italian architect, antiquary, archaeologist, and classical scholar, b. in Verona, c. 1445; d. in Venice (?), c. 1525 Giordani, Tommasso - A composer, b. at Naples in 1738; d. at Dublin, Ireland, February 1806 Giordano, Luca - Neapolitan painter; b. at Naples, 1632; d. in the same place, 12 Jan., 1705 Giorgione - Italian painter, b. at Castelfranco in or before 1477; d. in Venice in October or November, 1510 Giotto di Bondone - A Florentine painter, and founder of the Italian school of painting, b. most probably, in the village of Vespignano near Florence; d. at Milan, 8 Jan., 1337 Giovanelli, Ruggiero - Composer, b. at Velletri, near Rome, in 1560; d. at Rome, 7 January, 1625 Giraldi, Giovanni Battista - Italian dramatist and novelist; b. at Ferrara, Italy, 1504; d. there, 1573 Giraldi, Ubaldo - An Italian canonist; b. in 1692; d. in 1775 Giraldus Cambrensis - Biographical article on the medieval ecclesiastic and writer Girard, Jean-Baptiste - Known as Pere Girard, a Swiss pedagogue, b. at Fribourg, 17 December, 1765; d. there, 6 March, 1850 Girardon, François - A noted sculptor of the reign of Louis XIV, b. at Troyes, France, 1630; d. at Paris, 1715 Giraud de Borneil - A Provencal troubadour, b. about the middle of the twelfth century, at Excideuil in the Viscounty of Limoges Girba - A titular see in the province of African Tripoli Girgenti - The capital of a province in Sicily Gisbert, Blaise - French rhetorician and critic; born at Cahors, 21 February, 1657; died at Montpellier, 21 February, 1731 Giovanni Dominici, Blessed - Biography of the Dominican preacher and writer Giuliani, Veronica - Short biographical article on this Capuchin, who died in 1727 Giulio Romano - A famous architect and painter, the best-known of Raphael's pupils, and the unique representative of the so-called 'Roman School'; b. at Rome in 1492; d. at Mantua in 1546 Giuseppe Maria Tommasi, Blessed - Cardinal, scholar, and author, died 1713 Giuseppe Giusti - A poet and patriot; b. 1809, at Monsumano near Pescia, Italy; d. 31 March, 1850 Glaber, Raoul - Benedictine chronicler; b. in Burgundy before 1000; d. at Cluny about 1050 Glabrio, Manius Acilius - Consul at Rome during A.D. 91, with Trajan Glagolitic - An ancient alphabet of the Slavic languages, also called in Russian bukvitsa Glaire, Jean-Baptiste - Priest, hebraist, and Biblical scholar; b. at Bordeaux, 1 April, 1798; d. at Issy, near Paris, 25 Feb., 1879 Glanville, Ranulf de - Chief Justiciar of England; b. at Stratford, Suffolk, England, date unknown; d. before Acre, Palestine, 1190 Glarean, Henry - Swiss humanist, poet, philosopher, geographer, mathematician, and musician, born at Mollis, near Glarus, Switzerland, in June, 1488, and died at Freiburg-im-Breisgau, 27 March, 1563 Glasgow - Archdiocese in the southwest of Scotland Glastonbury Abbey - Benedictine monastery, Somersetshire, England, pre-eminently the centre of early Christian tradition in England Glebe - Originally signified, in common law, any farm, estate, or parcel of land, and the word is so used in the Theodosian Code. But in ecclesiastical law it has become the technical term for land permanently assigned for the maintenance of the incumbent of a parish, and is the oldest form of parochial endowment Glendalough, School of - Founded by St. Kevin Gloria in Excelsis Deo - The great doxology (hymnus angelicus) in the Mass is a version of a very old Greek form'. It begins with the words sung by the angels at Christ's birth (Luke 2:14). To this verse others were added very early, forming a doxology Gloria, Laus et Honor - A hymn composed by St. Theodulph of Orleans in 810 Glory - In the English version of the Bible the word Glory, one of the commonest in the Scripture, is used to translate several Hebrew terms in the Old Testament, and the Greek doxa in the New Testament. Sometimes the Catholic versions employ brightness, where others use glory Glory Be - The doxology in the form in which we know it has been used since about the seventh century all over Western Christendom, except in one corner Glosses, Scriptural - The word gloss designates not only marginal notes, but also words or remarks inserted for various reasons in the very text of the Scriptures Glosses, Glossaries, Glossarists - To gloss is to interpret or explain a text by taking up its words one after another. A glossary is therefore a collection of words about which observations and notes have been gathered, and a glossarist is one who thus explains or illustrates given texts Glossolalia - A supernatural gift of the class gratiae gratis datae, designed to aid in the outer development of the primitive Church Gloves, Episcopal - Liturgical gloves are a liturgical adornment reserved for bishops and cardinals Gluttony - The excessive indulgence in food and drink Gnesen-Posen - Archdiocese in the Kingdom of Prussia Gnosticism - History of Gnosticism from its pre-Christian roots through its developed doctrines concerning cosmogony, the Sophia-myth, soteriology, and eschatology. Includes information on rites, schools, and literature Goa - Archdiocese in India Goajira, Vicariate Apostolic of - The most northern portion of South America is a peninsula running into the Caribbean Sea Goar, Saint - Priest, hermit, d. 649 Goar, Jacques - Dominican and hellenist (1601-1653) Gobat, George - Moral theologian; born at Charmoilles, in the Diocese of Basil, now in the Department of the Doubs, France, 1 July, 1600; died 23 March, 1679 Gobban Saer - Regarded in traditional lore as the greatest Irish architect of the seventh century, and popularly canonized as St. Gobban; b. at Turvey, near Malahide, Co. Dublin, about 560 Gobelinus, Person - Westphalian known as an historian and an ardent reformer of monastic life in his native land (1358-1421) God - Links to five articles about the subject "God", Etymology of the Word - Anglo-Saxon God; German Gott; akin to Persian khoda; Hindu khooda God, Existence of - The arguments for God's existence are variously classified and entitled by different writers, but all agree in recognizing the distinction between a priori, or deductive, and a posteriori, or inductive reasoning in this connection God, Nature and Attributes of - Covered as natural reason and faith God, Relation of the Universe to - Sections include essential dependence of the universe on God, divine immanence and transcendence, and possibility of the supernatural God, Three Persons of - The term employed to signify the central doctrine of the Christian religion, the truth that in the unity of the Godhead there are three persons, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, these three persons being truly distinct one from another Godard, Saint - Benedictine abbot, bishop of Hildesheim, d. 1038 Godden, Thomas - True name Tylden. Born at Addington, Kent, 1624; died in London, 1 Dec., 1688 Godeau, Antoine - Bishop, poet and exegete; b. at Dreux in the diocese of Chartres, 1605; d. at Vence, 21 April, 1672 Godeberta, Saint - Born in about 640, superior of a convent at Noyon Godelina, Saint - Physically and psychologically abused by her husband Bertolf and mother-in-law, until finally she was murdered at Bertolf's orders in 1070 Godet des Marais, Paul - Bishop of Chartres, France; b. at Talcy, near Blois, 1647; d. at Chartres, 1709 Godfrey of Bouillon - Duke of Lower Lorraine and first King of Jerusalem, son of Eustache II, Count of Boulogne, and of Ida, daughter of Godfrey the Bearded, Duke of Lower Lorraine; b. probably at Boulogne-sur-Mer, 1060; d. at Jerusalem, 18 July, 1100 Godfrey of Fontaines - A scholastic philosopher and theologian; born near Liege within the first half of the thirteenth century Godfrey of Viterbo - German writer of the twelfth century Godinez - Mystical theologian, born at Waterford, Ireland (1591-1644) Godric - The name of two Abbots of Croyland Goesport, John Wessel - A fifteenth-century Dutch theologian, born at Groeningen in 1420; died there on 4 Oct., 1489 Goetz, Marie Josephine - Second superior-general of the Society of the Sacred Heart, daughter of Joseph Goetz of Strasburg and Marie Anne Wagner; b. 7 March, 1817; d. 4 January, 1874 Goffe, Stephen - Oratorian; b. 1605; d. at Paris, Christmas Day, 1681 Goffine, Leonard - Priest and writer. Born at Cologne, or according to some, at Broich, 6 December, 1648; died 11 August, 1719 Gog and Magog - Names, respectively, of a king and of his supposed kingdom, mentioned several times in chapters 38 and 39 of the Book of Ezechiel, and once in the Apocalypse (20:7) Golden Bull - A fundamental law of the Holy Roman Empire; probably the best known of all the many ordinances of the imperial diet Golden Calf - An object of worship among the Hebrews, mention of which occurs principally in Ex., xxxii, where the story of the molten calf of Aaron is narrated, and in 1 Kings 12 (cf. 2 Chronicles 11), in connection with the policy of Jeroboam after the schism of the ten tribes Golden Rose - A precious and sacred ornament made of pure gold by skilled artificers, which the popes have been accustomed for centuries to bless each year, and occasionally confer upon illustrious churches and sanctuaries as a token of special reverence and devotion, upon Catholic kings or queens, princes or princesses, renowned generals or other distinguished personages, upon governments or cities conspicuous for their Catholic spirit and loyalty to the Holy See, as a mark of esteem and paternal affection Goldoni, Carlo - Brief biography of the Italian dramatist Goldwell, Thomas - Bishop of St. Asaph, the last survivor of the ancient hierarchy of England; b. between 1501 and 1515; d. in Rome, 3 April, 1585 Golgotha - The place of the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ Gómara, Francisco Lopez de - Chaplain to Cortes. Born 1510. Wrote a severely flawed history of the Spanish conquest of the New World, though he himself had never been there Gomes De Amorim, Francisco - Portuguese poet, dramatist, and novelist (1827-1891) Gondulphus - The name of three saints, of whom one was Bishop of Tongres (Maestricht), the second Bishop of Metz, while the third is known as Gondulphus of Berry Gonet, Jean Baptiste - Theologian, b. about 1616 at Béziers, in the province of Languedoc; d. there 24 Jan., 1681 Gonnelieu, Jérôme de - Theologian, ascetical writer, and preacher; born at Soissons, 8 Sept., 1640; died at Paris, 28 Feb., 1715 Gonzaga, Saint Aloysius - Short biography of this Jesuit student, who died in 1591 at the age of 23 Gonzaga, Ercole - Cardinal; b. at Mantua, 23 November, 1505; d. 2 March, 1563 Gonzaga, Scipione - Cardinal; b. at Mantua, 11 November, 1542; d. at San Martino, 11 January, 1593 Gonzalez, Saint Peter - Spanish Dominican, d. 1246. Patron saint of Spanish and Portuguese sailors González de Santalla, Thyrsus - Theologian and thirteenth general of the Society of Jesus, b. at Arganda, Spain, 18 January, 1624; died at Rome, 27 October, 1705 González, Zeferino - Dominican, cardinal, theologian, and philosopher (1831-1894) Gonzalo de Berceo - Spanish poet, active between 1220 and 1242 Good - The moral good (bonum honestum) consists in the due ordering of free action or conduct according to the norm of reason, the highest faculty, to which it is to conform Good, Highest, The - (1)Utilitarianism, when the highest good is identified with happiness; (2)Rational Deontologism, when the highest good is identified with virtue or duty; (3)Rational Eudaemonism, or tempered Deontologism, when both virtue and happiness are combined in the highest good Good Faith - A phrase employed to designate the mental and moral state of honest, even if objectively unfounded, conviction as to the truth or falsehood of a proposition or body of opinion, or as to the rectitude or depravity of a line of conduct Good Friday - The Friday on which the Church keeps the anniversary of the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ Good Hope, Cape of (Eastern) - Established in 1847, when the Vicariate of the Cape of Good Hope was divided into Eastern and Western Good Hope, Cape of (Western) - The Western vicariate and the Central prefecture, although different in name, are virtually one Godfrey Goodman - Anglican Bishop of Gloucester (1582-3-1656) Goodman, Ven. John - Priest and martyr; born in the Diocese of Bangor, Wales, 1590; died 1642 Good Samaritan, Sisters of the - A congregation of Tertiaries Regular of St. Benedict, established 2 February, 1857, at Sydney, Australia Good Shepherd, Our Lady of Charity of the - The aim of this institute is to provide a shelter for girls and women of dissolute habits, who wish to do penance for their iniquities and to lead a truly christian life Goossens, Pierre-Lambert - Cardinal, Archbishop of Michlin (Belgium), b. at Perck, near Vilvorde, 18 July, 1827; d. at Michlin, 25 January, 1906 Gordian - There were three Roman emperors of this name, who reigned between A.D. 237-44, and all of whom met with violent deaths Gordianus and Epimachus, Saints - Roman martyrs under Julian the Apostate. Both died in 362. Although they did not die together, they are buried together, and the cemetery is named after them. Identifies two other martyrs named Gordianus, considers several named Epimachus Gordon, Andrew - Monk and physicist (1712-1751) Gordon Riots - This agitation, so called from the head and spirit of the movement, Lord George Gordon, convulsed the metropolis of England from 2 June till 9 June, 1780 Gordos - A titular see in the province of Lydia, suffragan of Sardis Gorgonius, Saint - Identifies six martyrs of this name. Article concentrates on an imperial official who suffered in the Diocletian persecution and whose feast is 9 September. His cult was strong in France Gorkum, The Martyrs of - Their beatification took place on 14 Nov., 1675, and their canonization on 29 June, 1865 Görres, Guido - Historian, publicist, and poet; b. at Coblenz on 28 May, 1805; d. at Munich on 14 July, 1852 Görres, Johann Joseph - Writer and professor of physics (1776-1848) Gortyna - A titular see, and in the Greek Church metropolitan see, of the Island of Crete Görz - Capital of the Austrian crown-land Goerz and Gradiska Goscelin - Benedictine biographical writer (d. 1099) Gospel and Gospels - The word Gospel usually designates a written record of Christ's words and deeds Gospel in the Liturgy - From the very earliest times the public reading of parts of the Bible was an important element in the Liturgy inherited from the service of the Synagogue Gospel of Mark - The Second Gospel, like the other two Synoptics, deals chiefly with the Galilean ministry of Christ, and the events of the last week at Jerusalem Goss, Alexander - Bishop of Liverpool (1814-1872) Gossaert, Jan - Flemish painter; b. about 1472; d. at Middelburg about 1533 Gosselin, Jean-Edmé-Auguste - Ecclesiastical author; b. at Rouen, France, 28 Sept., 1787; d. at Paris, 27 Nov., 1858 Gother, John - Priest and controversialist; b. at Southampton, date unknown; d. at sea on a voyage to Lisbon, 2 October, 1704 Gothic Architecture - History of the style Gottfried von Strasburg - Middle High German epic poet Gotti, Vincent Louis - Cardinal and theologian (1664-1742) Gottschalk, Saint - Wendish prince, considered a martyr, d. 1066 Gottschalk of Orbais - A medieval theologian; b. about 800, d. after 866, probable 30 October, 868 Göttweig, Abbey of - A Benedictine abbey situated on a hill of the same name, south of Krems, in Lower Austria Goulburn - One of the six suffragan sees of the ecclesiastical province of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Gounod, Charles-François - An article focusing especially on his religious compositions and the effect of his beliefs on his compositions Goupil, René - Short biography of the Jesuit missionary, martyred in 1642 Gousset, Thomas-Marie-Joseph - French cardinal and theologian; b. at Montigny-les-Charlieu, a village of Franche-Comte, in 1792; d. at Reims in 1866 Government Authority - The moral power of command, supported by physical coercion, which the State exercises over its members Gower, John - Poet; born between 1327-1330, probably in Kent; died October, 1408 Goya y Lucientes, Francisco José de - Painter and etcher, b. in Fuendetodos, Aragon, Spain, 31 March, 1746; d. in Bordeaux, 16 April, 1828 Goyaz, Diocese of - Co-extensive with the state of the same name, one of the twenty states which, with the Federal District, comprise the Republic of Brazil Gozo, Diocese of - Comprises the island of Gozo in the Mediterranean Sea and the islet of Comino Gozzi, Carlo - Italian author, born at Venice, 1720; died 1806 Gozzoli - Painter; b. at Florence, 1420; d. at Pisa 1497 Gozzolini, Saint Sylvester - Founder of the Sylvestrines. Canon, hermit. Died 1267 Grace - Leads to four articles on the subject Grace, Actual - A grace that is given for the performance of salutary acts and is present and disappears with the action itself Grace, Supernatural - Treatise on this fundamental building block of Christianity Grace, Controversies on - Controversies that are concerned chiefly with the relation between grace and free will Grace, William Russell - Philanthropist and merchant, born at Cork, Ireland, 10 May, 1832; died at New York, 21 March, 1904 Grace at Meals - One of the most ancient formulae of prayer at meals is found in a treatise of the fourth century, attributed without foundation to Saint Athanasius Gradual - In English often called Grail, is the oldest and most important of the four chants that make up the choir's part of the Proper of the Mass Gradual Psalms - Fifteen psalms, namely Psalms 119-133 Gradwell, Robert - Bishop; b. at Clifton-in-the-Fylde, Lancashire, 26 Jan., 1777; d. in London, 15 March, 1833 Graffiti - The term in common usage among archaeologists to designate a class of rude inscriptions scratched on the walls of ancient monuments, generally sepulchral, as distinguised from the formal inscriptions engraved on the tombs of the deceased Graham, Patrick - First Archbishop of St. Andrews and Metropolitan of Scotland, date of birth uncertain; d. 1478 Grail, The Holy - The name of a legendary sacred vessel, variously identified with the chalice of the Eucharist or the dish of the Pascal lamb, and the theme of a famous medieval cycle of romance Gramont, Eugénie de - Religious of the Society of the Sacred Heart; b. at Versailles, 17 September, 1788; d. at Paris, 19 November, 1846 Gran - Located in Hungary Granada - Archdiocese in Spain, founded by St. Cecilius about the year 64, was made an archiepiscopal see by Alexander VI, 23 Jan., 1493 Granada, University of - The origin of this university is to be traced to the Arab school at Cordova, which, when the city was captured by St. Ferdinand in 1236, was removed to Granada and there continued Grancolas, Jean - Doctor of the Sorbonne, theologian, liturgist; b. near Chateaudun, about 1660; d. at Paris, 1 August, 1732 Grande Chartreuse, La - The mother-house of the Carthusian Order lies in a high valley of the Alps of Dauphine Granderath, Theodor - Known for his monumental labours on the Vatican Council Grandidier, Philippe-André - Priest and historian, b. at Strasburg, Alsace, 9 Nov., 1752; d. at the Abbey of Luntzel (Lucelles), Sundgau, 11 Oct., 1787 Grandmont, Abbey and Order of - Abbey and Order in the department of Hte-Vienne, France Grand Rapids - Diocese created 12 May, 1882 out of the diocese of Detroit Grant, Thomas - First Bishop of Southwark; b. at Ligny-les-Aires, Arras, France, 25 Nov., 1816; d. at Rome, 1 June, 1870 Granvelle, Antoine Perrenot de - Named Archbishop of Mechlin in 1559 and cardinal in 1561 Gras, Venerable Louise de Marillac Le - Founder of the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, d. 1660 Grasse, François-Joseph-Paul - Count and Marquess de Grasse-Tilly, lieutenant-general of the naval forces; b. near Toulon, 1723; d. at Paris, 11 January, 1788 Grässel, Lorenz - Coadjutor-elect of Baltimore; born at Ruemannsfelden, Bavaria, 18 August, 1753; died at Philadelphia, U.S.A., October, 1793 Grassis, Paris de - Master of ceremonies to Julius II and Leo X; b. at Bologna, about 1470; d. at Rome, 10 June, 1528 Gratian - Details on this Roman Emperor who was the son of Valentinian I. He was born at Sirmium, 359 and died at Lyons, 383 Gratian, Jerome - Spiritual director of St. Teresa and first Provincial of the Discalced Carmelites; born at Valladolid, 6 June, 1545; died at Brussels, 21 September, 1614 Gratian, Johannes - The little that is known concerning the author of the 'Concordantia discordantium canonum', more generally called the 'Decretum Gratiani', is furnished by that work itself, its earliest copies, and its twelfth-century 'Summae' or abridgments Gratianopolis - A titular see in Caesarea Mauretania, Africa Gratius, Ortwin - Humanist; b. 1475 at Holtwick, near Coesfeld, Westphalia; d. at Cologne, 22 May, 1542 Gratry, Auguste-Joseph-Alphonse - French priest and writer; b. at Lille, 30 March, 1805; d. at Montreux, Switzerland, 7 February, 1872 Gratz, Peter Aloys - Schoolmaster and exegete, b. 17 Aug., 1769, at Mittelberg, Allgaeu, Bavaria; d. at Darmstadt, 1 Nov., 1849 Gravier, Jacques - Jesuit missionary; born 1651 at Moulins, where he studied classics and philosophy under the Jesuits; died in Louisiana in 1708 Gravina, Dominic - Theologian; b. in Sicily, about 1573; d. in the Minerva, at Rome, 26 Aug., 1643 Gravina, Giovanni Vincenzo - Italian jurist and litterateur of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; b. at Rogliano, Calabria, 21 January, 1664; d. at Rome, 6 January, 1718 Gravina and Montepeloso - Gravina is a town in the Province of Bari (Southern Italy), since the ninth century an episcopal see, suffragan of Acerenza and Matera. In 1818 it was united aeque principaliter with Montepeloso, which dates back to the twelfth century (some say the fifteenth) and was suffragan of Potenza Graz, University of - Located in the capital of the Province of Steiermark, owes its establishment to the Counter-Reformation and the efforts of Archduke Karl von Steiermark, who, in 1584, requested Pope Gregory XIII to grant autonomous university privileges to the Jesuit college of Graz Great Falls - Created by Pope Pius X, 18 May, 1904; comprises the following counties in the State of Montana: Carbon, Cascade, Chouteau, Custer, Dawson, Fergus, Park, Rosebud, Sweet Grass, Valley, and Yellowstone Greco, El - Spanish artist. Born in Crete, between 1545 and 1550; died at Toledo, 7 April, 1614 Greece - History of the country and church Greek Catholics in America - Includes the history and statistics Greek Church - Details the history and various divisions of the church Greek Orthodox Church in America - The name Orthodox Church is generally used to distinguish those of the Greek Rite who are not in communion with the Holy See Greek Rites - People who speak of the Greek Rite generally mean that of Constantinople Green, Hugh - An English priest who had converted to Catholicism. He was martyred in a brutal way in 1642 Green, Thomas Louis - Priest and controversialist; b. at Stourbridge, Worcestershire, 1799; d. at Newport, Shropshire, 27 Feb., 1883 Green Bay - Diocese established 3 March, 1868, from the territory of the Diocese of Milwaukee Greenland - An island stretching from within the Arctic Circle south to about 59 degrees N. latitude, being between 20 degrees and 75 degrees W. longitude Gregorian Chant - Short description and history, with links to more information Gregory I, Pope Saint - Biographical article on this Doctor of the Church, d. 604 Gregory II, Pope Saint - Also known as Gregory Junior, or Gregory the Younger, d. 731 Gregory III, Pope Saint - A Syrian, was elected the successor of Pope St. Gregory II by acclamation, d. 741 Gregory IV, Pope - Reigned 827-44 Gregory V, Pope - Reigned 996-999 Gregory VI, Pope - Reigned 1045-46 Gregory VI - Eleventh-century antipope Gregory VII, Pope Saint - Also known as Hildebrand: 'one of the greatest of the Roman pontiffs and one of the most remarkable men of all times.' He died in 1085. Biographical article Gregory VIII, Pope - Reigned 1187 Gregory VIII - Antipope placed upon the papal chair by Emperor Henry V, 8 March, 1118 Gregory IX - Reigned 1227-1241 Gregory X - Biographical article on this thirteenth-century pope. Includes bibliography Gregory XI - Reigned 1370-1378 Gregory XII - Reigned 1406-1415 Gregory XIII, Pope - Reigned 1572-1585 Gregory XIV, Pope - Reigned 1590-1591 Gregory XV, Pope - Reigned 1621-1623 Gregory XVI, Pope - Reigned 1831-1846 Gregory Bæticus - Bishop of Elvira, in the province of Baetica, Spain, from which he derived his surname; d. about 392 Gregory of Heimburg - Humanist and Statesman, b. at Wuerzburg in the beginning of the fifteenth century; d. at Tharandt near Dresden, August, 1472 Gregory of Nazianzus, Saint - Biographical article on this Doctor of the Church, known in the Christian East as St. Gregory the Theologian Gregory of Neocaesarea, Saint - Also known as Gregory Thaumaturgus, converted to Christianity by Origen, became a bishop, d. between 270 and 275 Gregory of Nyssa, Saint - Bishop, one of the Cappadocian Fathers, d. after 385 or 386 Gregory of Rimini, Saint - Augustinian theologian, d. 1358 Gregory of Tours, Saint - Lengthy article about this bishop, historian, and theologian. He died in 593 or 594 Gregory of Utrecht, Saint - Missionary companion of St. Boniface, and later an abbot, d. 775 or 780 Gregory of Valencia - Professor of the University of Ingolstadt, b. at Medina, Spain); d. at Naples, 25 April, 1603 Gregory the Illuminator - Patron of Armenia. Husband and father, bishop, d. possibly in 337 Greifswald, University of - The oldest university of Prussia, founded in 1456 Greith, Karl Johann - Bishop and church historian, b. at Rapperswyl, Switzerland, 25 May, 1897; d. at St. Gall, 17 May, 1882 Gremiale - A square or oblong cloth which the bishop should wear over his lap, when seated on the throne during the singing of the Kyrie, Gloria, and Credo by the choir, during the distribution of blessed candles, palms or ashes, and also during the anointments in connection with Holy orders Grenoble - Comprises the Department of Isere and the Canton of Villeurbanne (Rhone) Gresemund, Dietrich - German humanist; b. in 1477, at Speyer; d. 1512, at Mainz Greslon, Adrien - French Jesuit missionary (1618-1697) Gresset, Jean Baptiste - Born 29 August, 1709; died 16 June, 1777, at Amiens Gretser, Jacob - A celebrated Jesuit writer; b. at Markdorf in the Diocese of Constance in 1562; d. at Ingolstadt in 1625 Greuze, Jean-Baptiste - French painter, b. at Tournus in Ardeche, 21 August, 1725; d. at Paris, 21 March, 1805 Grey Nuns - The Order of Sisters of Charity of the Hopital General of Montreal, commonly called Grey Nuns because of the colour of their attire, was founded in 1738 Grey Nuns of the Cross - A community founded in 1745 at Monteal by Madame d'Youville, known as the Grey Sisters, or Grey Nuns, from the colour of the costume Griffin, Gerald - A novelist, dramatist, lyricist; b. 12 December, 1803, at Limerick, Ireland; d. at Cork, 12 June, 1840 Griffin, Martin Ignatius Joseph - Journalist, historian (1842-1911) Griffiths, Thomas - Born in London, 2 June, 1791; died 19 August, 1847; the first and only Vicar Apostolic of the London District educated wholly in England Grillparzer, Franz - An Austrian poet, b. at Vienna, 15 January, 1791, d. 21 January, 1872 Grimaldi, Francesco Maria - Italian physicist, b. at Bologna, 2 April, 1618; d. in the same city, 28 Dec., 1663 Grimaldi, Giovanni Francesco - An eclectic painter of the Bolognese school; b. at Bologna, 1606; d. at Rome, 1680 Grimmelshausen, Johann Jacob Christoffel von - German novelist of the seventeenth century Gröne, Valentin - Catholic theologian (1817-1882) Groote, Gerard - Founder of the 'Brethren of the Common Life', b. 1340 at Deventer, Gelderland; d. 20 Aug., 1384 Gropper, John - An eminent jurist and theologian, b. 24 Feb., 1503, at Soest, Westphalia; d. at Rome, 13 March, 1559 Grosseteste, Robert - Bishop of Lincoln and one of the most learned men of the Middle Ages; b. about 1175; d. 9 October, 1253 Grosseto - Suffragan diocese of Siena Grosswardein - A diocese of the Latin Rite in Hungary, suffragan of Kalocsa-Bacs Grottaferrata, Abbey of - A Basilian monastery near Rome Grueber, Johann - German Jesuit missionary in China and noted explorer of the seventeenth century Grün, Anastasius - Pseudonym for Anton Alexander (Maria), Count von Auersperg, a nineteenth-century Austrian poet Guadalajara - Archdiocese in Mexico, separated from the Diocese of Michoacan by Paul III, 31 July, 1548 Guadalupe, Shrine of - Guadalupe is strictly the name of a picture, but was extended to the church containing the picture and to the town that grew up around Guadeloupe - Diocese in the West Indies, comprises the islands of Guadeloupe, Les Saintes, Marie-Galante, La Desirade, and the French portions of St. Martin and St Bartholomew Guadix, Diocese of - Diocese in Spain, comprises the greater part of the Province of Granada and a portion of the Province of Almeria Guaicuri Indians - A group of small tribes, speaking dialectic forms of a common language, probably of distinct stock, formerly occupying part of Lower California Guamanga, Diocese of - A Peruvian diocese, suffragan to Lima Guaraní Indians - A tribal group of South America, having the former home territory chiefly between the Uruguay and lower Paraguay Rivers, in what is now Paraguay and the Provinces of Corrientes and Entre Rios of Argentina Guarantees, Law of - A law passed by the senate and chamber of the Italian parliament, 13 May, 1871, concerning the prerogatives of the Holy See, and the relations between State and Church in the Kingdom of Italy Guarda, Diocese of - Province of Beira, Portugal Guardi, Francesco - Venetian painter (1712-1793) Guardian Angels - The lowest orders of angels are sent to men Guardian Angels, Feast of - This feast, like many others, was local before it was placed in the Roman calendar Guardianship, in Civil Jurisprudence - A person intrusted by law with the interests of another whose youth, inexperience, mental weakness or feebleness of will, disqualifies him from acting for himself in the ordinary affairs of life, and who is known as the ward Guarini, Battista - An Italian poet, b. at Ferrara, 1538, d. at Venice, 7 Oct., 1612 Guarino da Verona - A humanist, b. 1370, at Verona, Italy; d. 1460, at Ferrara Guastalla, Diocese of - Situated in the province of Reggio Emilia (Central Italy) on the left bank of the Po at its junction with the Crostolo Guastallines - Luigia Torelli, Countess of Guastalla (b. about 1500; d. 29 Oct., 1559 or 1569), widowed for the second time when she was twenty-five, resolved to devote her life to the service of God Guatemala, Santiago de - Archdiocese conterminous with the Republic of Guatemala, in Central America Guayaquil - The capital of the Ecuadorian province of Guayas Gubbio - Diocese of Eugubinensis, in the province of Perugia in Umbria (Central Italy) Gudenus, Moritz - German convert to the Catholic faith from the Protestant ministry; b. 11 April, 1596, at Cassel; d. February, 1680 Gudula, Saint - Born in Brabant, one of a family of saints. She died in the early eighth century Guelphs and Ghibellines - Names adopted by the two factions that kept Italy divided and devastated by civil war during the greater part of the later Middle Ages Guéranger, Prosper Louis Pascal - Benedictine and polygraph; b. 4 April, 1805, at Sable-sur-Sarthe; d. at Solesmes, 30 January, 1875 Guérard, Robert - Writer, born at Rouen, 1641; died at the monastery of Saint-Ouen, 2 January, 1715 Guérin, Anne-Thérèse - In religion, Mother Theodore. Born at Etables (Cote du Nord), Brittany, France, 2 October, 1798; died 14 May, 1856 Guérin - Eugenie de Guerin, a French writer; b. at the chateau of La Cayla, in Languedoc, 15 January, 1805; d. there 5 June, 1848. Georges-Maurice de Guerin, a French poet, brother of Eugenie; b. at the chateau of La Cayla, in Languedoc, 5 August, 1810; d. there, 19 July, 1839 Gügler, Joseph Heinrich Aloysius - Born at Udligerschwyl, near Lucerne, Switzerland, 25 August, 1782; died at Lucerne, 28 February, 1827 Guglielmini, Giovanni Battista - Scientist, b. at Bologna, 16 August, 1763; d. in the same city, 15 December, 1817 Guiana - The name given to all that region of South America which extends along the Atlantic coast from the Orinoco to the Amazon Guibert of Ravenna - An antipope, known as Clement III, 1080 (1084) to 1100; born at Parma about 1025; died at Civita Castellana, 8 Sept., 1100 Guicciardini, Francesco - Biographical article by Edmund G. Gardner on the historian and statesman, who died in 1540 Guido of Arezzo - Article with life and summary of his contributions to musical theory and composition Guigues du Chastel - Medieval Carthusian (1083-1137) Guijon, André - Bishop and orator (1548-1631) Guilds - Voluntary associations for religious, social, and commercial purposes Guiney, Patrick Robert - Soldier, born at Parkstown, Co. Tipperary, Ireland, on 15 Jan., 1835; died at Boston, 21 March, 1877 Guiscard, Robert - Duke of Apulia and Calabria, founder of the Norman state of the Two Sicilies; born about 1016; died 17 July, 1085 Guise, House of - A branch of the ducal family of Lorraine who played an important part in the religious troubles of France during the seventeenth century Guitmund - A Bishop of Aversa, a Benedictine monk, theologian, and opponent of Berengarius; born at an unknown place in Normandy during the first quarter of the eleventh century; died between 1090-95, at Aversa, near Naples Gulf of St. Lawrence - Vicariate erected 12 September, 1905, and formed from the prefecture Apostolic of the same name organized 29 May, 1882 Gunpowder Plot, The - Oath taken May, 1604, plot discovered November, 1605. Robert Catesby, the originator of the Powder Plot, owned estates at Lapworth and Ashby St. Legers Gunther, Blessed - Lay brother, penitent, hermit in Bohemia, d. 1045 Günther, Anton - Philosopher; b. 17 Nov., 1783, at Lindenau, near Leitmeritz, Bohemia; d. at Vienna, 24 February, 1863 Günther of Cologne - An archbishop of that city, died 8 July, 873 Gurk - A prince-bishopric of Carinthia, suffragan to Salzburg Gury, Jean-Pierre - Moral theologian; b. at Mailleroncourt, Haute-Saone, 23 January, 1801; d. at Merc ur, Haute Loire, 18 April, 1866 Gusmão, Bartholomeu Lourenço de - Naturalist, and the first aeronaut; b. in 1685 at Santos in the province of Sao Paulo, Brazil; d. 18 November, 1724, in Toledo, Spain Gutenberg, Johann - Inventor of printing (1400-1467) Guthlac, Saint - Brief biography of this soldier, monk, and hermit, who died in 714 Guyon, Jeanne-Marie-Bouvier de La Motte- - Essay on the life, experiences, and teachings of this seventeenth-century French mystic Guzmán, Fernando Pérez de - Senor de Batres; Spanish historian and poet (1376-1458) Györ - A Hungarian see, suffragan to the Archdiocese of Gran
